The Hansen-Goos hard sphere equation of state is given by [1] (Eq. 5):
where (Eq. 7)
and (Eq. 8)
and where κ T {\displaystyle \kappa _{T}} is the isothermal compressibility, ρ {\displaystyle \rho } is the number density and η {\displaystyle \eta } is the packing fraction.