Bridgman thermodynamic formulas
Notation used (from Table I):
- \(p\) is the pressure.
- \(T\) is the temperature (in Kelvin).
- \(V\) is the volume.
- \(S\) is the entropy.
- \(Q\) is the heat.
- \(W\) is the work.
- \(U\) is the internal energy.
- \(H\) is the enthalpy
- \(G\) is the Gibbs energy function
- \(A\) is the Helmholtz energy function.
Bridgman thermodynamic formulas
Contents |
[edit] Table II
[edit] pressure
\[ \left. \partial T \right\vert_p = - \left. \partial p \right\vert_T = 1 \]
\[ \left. \partial V \right\vert_p = - \left. \partial p \right\vert_V = \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p\]
\[ \left. \partial S \right\vert_p = - \left. \partial p \right\vert_S = C_p/T \]
\[ \left. \partial Q \right\vert_p = - \left. \partial p \right\vert_Q = C_p \]
\[ \left. \partial W \right\vert_p = - \left. \partial p \right\vert_W = p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p\]
\[ \left. \partial U \right\vert_p = - \left. \partial p \right\vert_U = C_p - p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p\]
\[ \left. \partial H \right\vert_p = - \left. \partial p \right\vert_H = C_p \]
\[ \left. \partial G \right\vert_p = - \left. \partial p \right\vert_G = -S \]
\[ \left. \partial A \right\vert_p = - \left. \partial p \right\vert_A = -\left( S + p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p \right)\]
[edit] temperature
\[ \left. \partial V \right\vert_T = - \left. \partial T \right\vert_V = - \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T\]
\[ \left. \partial S \right\vert_T = - \left. \partial T \right\vert_S = \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p\]
\[ \left. \partial Q \right\vert_T = - \left. \partial T \right\vert_Q = T\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p\]
\[ \left. \partial W \right\vert_T = - \left. \partial T \right\vert_W = - p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T\]
\[ \left. \partial U \right\vert_T = - \left. \partial T \right\vert_U = T\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p + p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T\]
\[ \left. \partial H \right\vert_T = - \left. \partial T \right\vert_H = -V + T\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p \]
\[ \left. \partial G \right\vert_T = - \left. \partial T \right\vert_G = -V \]
\[ \left. \partial A \right\vert_T = - \left. \partial T \right\vert_A = p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T\]
[edit] volume
\[ \left. \partial S \right\vert_V = - \left. \partial V \right\vert_S = 1/T \left( C_p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p \right)\]
\[ \left. \partial Q \right\vert_V = - \left. \partial V \right\vert_Q = C_p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p \]
\[ \left. \partial W \right\vert_V = - \left. \partial V \right\vert_W = 0 \]
\[ \left. \partial U \right\vert_V = - \left. \partial V \right\vert_U = C_p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p \]
\[ \left. \partial H \right\vert_V = - \left. \partial V \right\vert_H = C_p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p - V\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p \]
\[ \left. \partial G \right\vert_V = - \left. \partial V \right\vert_G = - \left( V \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p + S\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T \right) \]
\[ \left. \partial A \right\vert_V = - \left. \partial V \right\vert_A = -S\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T \]
[edit] entropy
\[ \left. \partial Q \right\vert_S = - \left. \partial S \right\vert_Q = 0 \]
\[ \left. \partial W \right\vert_S = - \left. \partial S \right\vert_W = -(p/T) \left( C_p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p \right) \]
\[ \left. \partial U \right\vert_S = - \left. \partial S \right\vert_U = (p/T) \left( C_p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p \right) \]
\[ \left. \partial H \right\vert_S = - \left. \partial S \right\vert_H = -VC_p/T \]
\[ \left. \partial G \right\vert_S = - \left. \partial S \right\vert_G = -(1/T) \left( VC_p -ST\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p \right) \]
\[ \left. \partial A \right\vert_S = - \left. \partial S \right\vert_A = (1/T) \left( p\left( C_p \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p \right) + ST\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p \right) \]
[edit] heat
\[ \left. \partial W \right\vert_Q = - \left. \partial Q \right\vert_W = -p \left( C_p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p \right) \]
\[ \left. \partial U \right\vert_Q = - \left. \partial Q \right\vert_U = p \left( C_p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p \right) \]
\[ \left. \partial H \right\vert_Q = - \left. \partial Q \right\vert_H = -VC_p \]
\[ \left. \partial G \right\vert_Q = - \left. \partial Q \right\vert_G = - \left( ST \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p -VC_p \right) \]
\[ \left. \partial A \right\vert_Q = - \left. \partial Q \right\vert_A = p \left( C_p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p \right) + ST \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p\]
[edit] work
\[ \left. \partial U \right\vert_W = - \left. \partial W \right\vert_U = p \left( C_p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p \right) \]
\[ \left. \partial H \right\vert_W = - \left. \partial W \right\vert_H = p \left( C_p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p - V \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p \right) \]
\[ \left. \partial G \right\vert_W = - \left. \partial W \right\vert_G = -p \left( V\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + S \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T \right) \]
\[ \left. \partial A \right\vert_W = - \left. \partial W \right\vert_A = -pS \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T \]
[edit] internal energy
\[ \left. \partial H \right\vert_U = - \left. \partial U \right\vert_H = -V \left( C_p - p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p \right) - p \left( C_p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p \right) \]
\[ \left. \partial G \right\vert_U = - \left. \partial U \right\vert_G = -V \left( C_p - p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p \right) +S \left( T\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p + p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T \right) \]
\[ \left. \partial A \right\vert_U = - \left. \partial U \right\vert_A = p \left( C_p\left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T + T\left. \left( \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right)^2 \right\vert_p \right) \]
[edit] enthalpy
\[ \left. \partial G \right\vert_H = - \left. \partial H \right\vert_G = -V(C_p+S) + TS \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p \]
\[ \left. \partial A \right\vert_H = - \left. \partial H \right\vert_A = -\left(S+p \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p \right) \left(V-T \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p \right) + p \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T \]
[edit] Gibbs energy function
\[ \left. \partial A \right\vert_G = - \left. \partial G \right\vert_A = -S\left(V+p \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial p} \right\vert_T \right) - pV \left. \frac{\partial V}{\partial T} \right\vert_p \]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ↑ P. W. Bridgman "A Complete Collection of Thermodynamic Formulas", Physical Review 3 pp. 273-281 (1914)
- Related reading
